IPV4:
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the fourth version of
the Internet Protocol (IP). It is one of the
core protocols of standards-based internetworking methods in the Internet,
and was the first version deployed for production in the ARPANET in
1983.
It still routes most Internet traffic today, despite the ongoing
deployment of a successor protocol, IPv6. IPv4 is described
in IETF publication RFC 791 (September
1981), replacing an earlier definition (RFC 760, January 1980).
IPv4 is a connectionless protocol for use
on packet-switched networks. It operates on
a best effort delivery model, in that
it does not guarantee delivery, nor does it assure proper sequencing or
avoidance of duplicate delivery.
These aspects, including data integrity, are addressed by an upper layer transport protocol, such
as the Transmission Control Protocol(TCP).
|
Name
|
Address range
|
Number of addresses
|
Classful description
|
|
|
24-bit
block
|
10.0.0.0
– 10.255.255.255
|
16777216
|
Single
Class A
|
10.0.0.0/8
|
|
20-bit
block
|
172.16.0.0
– 172.31.255.255
|
1048576
|
Contiguous
range of 16 Class B blocks
|
172.16.0.0/12
|
|
16-bit
block
|
192.168.0.0
– 192.168.255.255
|
65536
|
Contiguous
range of 256 Class C blocks
|
192.168.0.0/16
|
IPV6:
An Internet Protocol Version 6 address (IPv6 address) is a numerical label
that is used to identify a network interface of a computer or
other network node participating in an IPv6 computer
network.
An IP address serves
the purpose of uniquely identifying an individual network interface of a host,
locating it on the network, and thus permitting the routing of IP packets between
hosts.
For routing, IP
addresses are present in fields of the packet header
where they indicate source and destination of the packet.
IPv6 is the
successor to the first addressing infrastructure of the Internet, Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4).
In contrast to IPv4, which defined an IP address as
a 32-bit value, IPv6 addresses have a size of 128 bits.
Therefore, IPv6
has a vastly enlarged address space compared to IPv4.
|
Address
|
Description
|
Available Scopes
|
|
ff0X::1
|
All nodes address, identify the group of all IPv6 nodes
|
Available in scope 1 (interface-local) and 2 (link-local):
·
ff01::1 → All nodes in the interface-local
·
ff02::1 → All nodes in the link-local
|
|
ff0X::2
|
All routers
|
Available in scope 1
(interface-local), 2 (link-local) and 5 (site-local):
·
ff01::2 → All routers in the interface-local
·
ff02::2 → All routers in the link-local
·
ff05::2 → All routers in the site-local
|
|
ff02::5
|
OSPFIGP
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff02::6
|
OSPFIGP Designated
Routers
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff02::9
|
RIP Routers
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff02::a
|
EIGRP Routers
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff02::d
|
All PIM Routers
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff02::1a
|
All RPL Routers
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff0X::fb
|
mDNSv6
|
Available in all
scopes
|
|
ff0X::101
|
All Network Time
Protocol (NTP) servers
|
Available in all
scopes
|
|
ff02::1:1
|
Link Name
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff02::1:2
|
All-dhcp-agents
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff02::1:3
|
Link-local Multicast
Name Resolution
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff05::1:3
|
All-dhcp-servers
|
5 (site-local)
|
|
ff02::1:ff00:0/104
|
Solicited-node
multicast address. See below
|
2 (link-local)
|
|
ff02::2:ff00:0/104
|
Node Information
Queries
|
2 (link-local)
|
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